Current fossil fuel subsidies are included in the En-ROADS Baseline Scenario, and you can remove them by moving the coal, oil, and natural gas sliders to &q...

Chemical refrigerants used in refrigeration and air conditioning are primarily hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), a type of F-gas (fluorinated greenhouse gas). HFCs...

The primary way to simulate a shift toward plant-based diets in En-ROADS is by adjusting the “Food from animals” slider located in the “Agricultural Emissio...

You can use En-ROADS to simulate a carbon price that increases over time, such as the U.S. legislative proposal H.R. 763, the Energy Innovation and Carbon D...

A climate “tipping point” is a threshold where a small change causes a huge change in the Earth system—potentially irreversibly and abruptly. This makes tip...

All fuels are sometimes used as raw materials (feedstocks) in the production of different products, such as the use of oil to manufacture plastics, paints, ...

Ocean wave and tidal energy are possible sources of renewable energy that are still in development.  In a scenario with high renewable energy demand, we...

Production of cement, the main ingredient in the building material concrete, is a major source of CO2 emissions. Around 50% of these emissions result as a b...

What is hydrogen? Hydrogen (H2) is a molecule made of two hydrogen atoms. It has the highest energy content per unit of mass of any common fuel, but a very...

There are several ways to simulate reducing waste and inefficiencies in En-ROADS, depending on the type of waste (e.g. food waste or energy loss) and sector...