The key distinction between a carbon tax and a cap-and-trade system is that with a cap-and-trade system, the market sets the price that the CO2 emitters mus...

This FAQ has four components: Why is energy storage important? Can grid balance solutions enable a high penetration of wind and solar? How is energ...

En-ROADS does not represent circular economy supply chains at this time. En-ROADS is a global simulator, so it encompasses all the material flows in our sup...

En-ROADS includes various carbon dioxide removal (CDR) approaches with the Nature-Based Carbon Dioxide Removal and Technological Carbon Dioxide Removal slid...

Coal and gas carbon capture and storage technologies (CCS) reduce CO2 emissions from coal and natural gas production, but do not result in a net reduction o...

En-ROADS does not include possible geoengineering methods such as solar radiation management at this time.  One way to approximate a test of a geoengine...

En-ROADS does not currently include a way to simulate negative economic growth (degrowth). We may add it in some sort of way in the future. Keep in mind, ...

Natural gas is mostly methane. Somewhere between 2 and 9% of natural gas leaks into the atmosphere somewhere along the flow from extraction to use. Move the...

To see countries' 2030 emissions reduction pledges (Nationally Determined Contributions) in En-ROADS, look at the Greenhouse Gas Net Emissions graph. On...

Fluorinated gases (F-gases) are human-made chemicals containing fluorine, such as HFCs, SF6, CFCs, and HCFCs. Although less prevalent and shorter-lived in t...