En-ROADS does not currently include lifecycle environmental impacts such as water pollution from mining for minerals and/or any health effects from this.
We do include the impact of air pollution from fossil fuel combustion in En-ROADS, and you can explore this in your scenario by going to the "Air Pollution from Energy" and "Air Pollution from Energy by Source" graphs in the Impacts section of the graphs menu.
En-ROADS is a broad model that focuses on climate solutions and different factors related to climate policy and climate impacts. One limitation of En-ROADS is that we don't account for all secondary and tertiary effects. We try to include more and more of these effects as we improve En-ROADS, but the modeling (including the data and science) are still limited.
Batteries and storage technologies is something we have been thinking about. We currently account for several different factors that change as storage (including batteries) is expanded: 1) reduction of storage costs because of a learning curve and 2) increase in costs of intermittent generation technologies (e.g., renewables) because storage requirements rise as these technologies are a larger fraction of the grid.
We do include the impact of air pollution from fossil fuel combustion in En-ROADS, and you can explore this in your scenario by going to the "Air Pollution from Energy" and "Air Pollution from Energy by Source" graphs in the Impacts section of the graphs menu.
En-ROADS is a broad model that focuses on climate solutions and different factors related to climate policy and climate impacts. One limitation of En-ROADS is that we don't account for all secondary and tertiary effects. We try to include more and more of these effects as we improve En-ROADS, but the modeling (including the data and science) are still limited.
Batteries and storage technologies is something we have been thinking about. We currently account for several different factors that change as storage (including batteries) is expanded: 1) reduction of storage costs because of a learning curve and 2) increase in costs of intermittent generation technologies (e.g., renewables) because storage requirements rise as these technologies are a larger fraction of the grid.